IGHE and atopic eczema: Increased expression of YKL-40/CHI3L1 is positively associated with pathogenesis in allergic rhinitis (19, 20), atopic dermatitis (21–23) and food allergy (24) and CHI3L1 SNPs confer risk of asthma development and airway remodeling (14–17) as well as increased serum IgE and atopy (18).