PDCD1 and neoplasm: Other IOTN-supported publications provided new insights into immune-modulating properties of standard-of-care therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) (19-22), a novel role for CD8 T-cell differentiation in oral cancer response to checkpoint inhibition (23), and a new mechanism of tumor microenvironment modulation and programmed cell death 1 protein resistance mediated by the human papillomavirus E5 oncogene (24).