Ketomycin suppressed breast carcinoma cell migration and invasion, inhibited nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activity in upstream signalling by impeding the autophosphorylation of inhibitory-κB kinases alpha (IKK-α) and beta (IKK-β), and minimised the 3D invasion of breast carcinoma cells at nontoxic concentrations [197]. This evidence concerns the gene CHUK and breast carcinoma.