SNCA and Parkinson disease: In our study, we chose NAC due to (1) the experience with this antioxidant in the PC12 model, as noted above; (2) the studies that demonstrated blood–brain barrier penetration, as shown by measuring NAC levels in the spinal fluid after oral administration in patients with Parkinson’s disease [52]; and (3) the fact that NAC had been shown to substantially mitigate DOPAL-induced oligomerization of alpha-synuclein [34].