APP and Alzheimer disease: Interestingly, ciRS-7 may also offer neuroprotective effects in AD as, based on studies by Shi et al. [203], it may increase the rates of APP and BACE1 degradation via a different ubiquitin-proteasome system as it up regulates the expression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) mRNA and protein, consequently reducing Aβ generation.