STAT1 and breast carcinoma: Due to macrophage plasticity, studies have revealed that melatonin modulates the polarization of M1 macrophages via the STAT-1, NF-kB, and NLRP3 pathways and of M2 macrophages via STAT6 activation [44,45], being able to modulate the development and progression of several diseases associated with macrophages [40], including breast cancer [28].