NPPA and heart failure: Also, in 2022, Zeng et al. reported the nuclear overexpression of NPPA-AS1, a cardiac-enriched and conserved lncRNA located in the antisense strand of the atrial natriuretic peptide (NPPA) gene, in cardiomyocytes isolated from transverse aortic constriction (TAC) cardiac model in mice and in patients with heart failure too [52].