HSPA5 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: We also found that five genes involved in the UPR pathway, such as BID (p = 9.0 × 10−5), DDIT3 (p = 0.009), HYOU1 (p = 0.014), MAPK8 (p = 0.016), and HSPA5 (p = 0.028) were down-regulated in beta cells of T2D patients in comparison with non-diabetic subjects.