MTOR and melanoma: Also, 2-DG in combination with fenofibrate, safely used for over 40 years to decrease blood cholesterol in patients, synergistically inhibited the viability of human melanoma NM2C5, osteosarcoma 143B, and breast adenocarcinoma SKBR3 cell lines through regulation of activities of the AMPK and mTOR proteins, which led to greater ER stress and apoptosis induction [43].