The higher transcript levels of the key genes in the Atf4 pathway, such as Trib3 and Asns, which were observed in the ETOH-BKO livers (Figure 2 and Figure 3) led us to measure 4-EBP1 (EIF4EBP1), as it is a critical ATF4 gene target that is implicated in protein synthesis, metabolic and stress adaptations [29], and cancer [32]. Here, ATF4 is linked to cancer.