Current T1D treatment strategies and goals are based on the results of several studies of the DCCT and its epidemiological follow-up study, the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC), which demonstrated that intensive insulin therapy aims to achieve glycemic control as close as possible to normoglycemia and is effective in delaying the onset and slowing the progression of microvascular and macrovascular complications observed in T1D [77]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.