In addition to the role of sepsis increasing the serum levels of cytokines, danger signals or alarmins, other pathologies such as pancreatitis, major surgeries, burns, and chronic inflammatory states such as ulcerative colitis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune diseases can induce an increase in the levels of other serum molecules such as the danger-associated molecule calcium-binding protein S100A8 (S100A8) and high mobility group 1 proteins (HMGB1) [26,27,28]. Here, S100A8 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.