RET and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Other genes which may harbor mutations and contribute to NSCLC in some capacity include anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET), V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK), and rearranged during transfection (RET) mutations.