Potential strategies to subvert T cell suppression include the following: combination immunotherapy strategies, as suggested by the induction of other immune checkpoints on T cells after PD1 blockade in rGBM [138]; timing surgical resection to alleviate GBM mediated suppression [38]; and/or empowering antitumor immunity via peripheral or local antitumor vaccination. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is glioblastoma.