PKM and neoplasm: In addition to modulating the immune response, HMGB1 inhibits tumor growth and promotes the death of some tumor forms (as colorectal cancer) by inducing a metabolic shift towards anaerobic glycolysis through the inhibition of PKM2, an enzyme involved in the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate, essential for the fuel of TCA and oxidative phosphorylation [280].