Recent results show that adjuvant imatinib substantially improves the recurrence-free survival and overall survival of GIST patients who have a high risk for recurrence after surgery if GIST harbors an imatinib-sensitive mutation in KIT or PDGFRA and adjuvant imatinib is administered long enough after surgery, currently for 3 years. This evidence concerns the gene KIT and gastrointestinal stromal tumor.