ESR1 and breast carcinoma: In the ER+ breast cancer cell line, overexpression of HAS2 increased the invasive and migratory abilities of cells, together with the downregulation of epithelial markers (e.g., E-cadherin, β-catenin, and ZO-1), upregulation of mesenchymal markers (e.g., N-cadherin and vimentin), and promotion of invadopodia formation [99].