In the G6PDd women, the percentages of co-infections/defects of malaria*sickling, malaria*hepatitis B, malaria*syphilis, malaria*HIV, hepatitis B*sickling, HIV*sickling, and malaria*hepatitis B*sickling were 0.6%, 0.3%, 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.1%, and 0.3%, respectively (Figure 2A), while in the women with normal G6PD the percentages were quite comparable (Figure 2B). This evidence concerns the gene G6PD and hepatitis B virus infection.