PTPN11 and central nervous system cancer: In IDH wild-type gliomas, the frequency of genetic alterations in genes TERT (85%), PTEN (46%), TP53 (29%), EGFR (43%), NF1 (19%), RB1 (13%), PIK3CA (11%), PIK3R1 (11%), ATRX (8%), and PTPN11 (5%) were the top-10 highest (Fig. 1).