PTGS2 and cancer: Results from a double-blind RCTs indicated that glutamine administration significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory mRNA expression of interleukin-1β, CD36, toll-like receptor 4, TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, activator protein 1, and nuclear factor kappa B, among cancer patients following abdominal radiotherapy[63].