VIM and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: We first investigated the expression of GFAP, vimentin and S100β, three proteins related to the proliferative and pathological reactivity of ALS astrocytes [82,83,84,85] in WT, Grm5−/+, SOD1G93A, and SOD1G93AGrm5−/+ astrocytes cultured from the spinal cord of adult mice, by WB and immunocytochemistry.