This is in surprising contrast to the role of NLRP3 in a model of lupus-like systemic autoimmunity, where the absence of Nlrp3 and Casp1 accelerated the systemic autoimmune process; NLRP3 is needed to maintain the immunosuppressive effect of TGFβR signaling that counterbalances adaptive immunity (45). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.