In addition, DEGs in the C_O vs. MS_O comparison mainly participated in cholinergic synapse, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), oxytocin signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, axon guidance, African trypanosomiasis, calcium signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, renin secretion, and Wnt signaling pathway (Figure 5D; Supplementary Table S17). Here, REN is linked to human African trypanosomiasis.