Comparison between the two subgroups by GSVA analysis showed that the mTOR signaling pathway, type II diabetes mellitus, insulin signaling pathway, neurotrophin signaling pathway, and other pathways were upregulated, and the downregulated pathways were mainly arginine and metabolism and proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation (Fig. 5A). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.