Several other studies also identified TMEM106B fibrils in diverse neurodegenerative diseases such as FTLD-TDP, tauopathy, AD, and α-synucleinopathy [7–9], and normal aging [9], indicating that TMEM106B fibrils are a previously unappreciated common protein aggregation that exists in the brain (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene TMEM106B and neurodegenerative disease.