NR5A1 and infection: Likewise, all three nuclear genes; pepck (1545 bp), elp-exons VII and VIII (566 bp), and elp-exon IX (256 bp), were only successfully sequenced for a specimen and confirmed the infection was actually caused by E. multilocularis with 98.42–99.93% similarity to reference sequences (GenBank FN567985, Hokkaido, Japan; AJ012663, Germany).