There was no clear evidence of causality between genetically predisposed RC and HDL-C, BMI, circulating CRP, fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, hip circumference, waist circumference, WHR, alcohol consumption, smoking status, overweight, HOMA-IR, insomnia, sleep apnoea, or depression (Fig. 3 and Additional file, Table S5). Here, INS is linked to depressive disorder.