PPM1K and chronic kidney disease: Thome et al. (9) have shown that mice with adenine-induced CKD had decreased activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (AKGDH), and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), whereas the other study showed that uremic toxins inhibited the activity of malate dehydrogenases (MDH) (10) and the study using 5/6 nephrectomized mice did not show the decreased activity of PDH without dietary protein (4).