Moreover, Schisandrin A may also initiate autophagy (a process in which the body activates antioxidant mechanisms to balance oxidative stress) by inhibiting the mTOR pathway and activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-unc-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1) signaling pathway, playing a protective role in lipopolysaccharide induced mouse mastitis model (55). Here, ULK1 is linked to mastitis.