Lastly, slowed-down or dampened IFN responses are observed in elderly individuals as part of the so-called immunosenescence, rendering aged patients more vulnerable to infectious diseases (Metcalf et al, 2015; Molony & Iwasaki, 2017), but also occur at conditions of lower ambient temperature, likely contributing to the seasonality of certain viral infections (Foxman et al, 2015; Prow et al, 2017; Lane et al, 2018). This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and infectious disease.