The expression levels of NLRP3 (P < 0.05), Caspase-1, IL-18 (P < 0.05), Pro-IL-1β (P < 0.05), and IL-1β (P < 0.05) in the lung tissue of the BPD + TBHQ group were significantly inhibited, as shown by western blot. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.