The most commonly used method to quantify inflammation in the living human brain is positron emission tomography (PET), targeting the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), which has been studied in both animal models and in subjects with epilepsy (Hirvonen et al., 2012; Xie et al., 2012; Gershen et al., 2015; Yankam Njiwa et al., 2017; Nguyen et al., 2018). The gene discussed is TSPO; the disease is epilepsy.