INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Probiotics, including Bacteroides and Lactobacillus, are being considered potential agents for the treatment of diabetes because of their role in increasing insulin sensitivity, lowering total cholesterol, and reducing body weight [18,19]. In animal investigations, Bacteroides uniformis and Bacteroides acidifaciens were also found to reduce insulin resistance and prevent obesity in diabetic mice.