In addition, we generated transgenic flies of several human cancer-related mutants of SPOP,46,52 including SPOPY87N, SPOPF102C, SPOPS119N, SPOPF125L, SPOPW131G, which all prevented SPOP E3 ligase activity as shown by loss of the abilities to degrade both Ci (Figures 6G–6K′′′) and Rpb3/Rpb7 (Figures 7A and 7A′). Here, SPOP is linked to cancer.