TNF and neoplasm: Meanwhile, we analyzed the cytokines in the tumor by ELISA, and the analysis showed that the combination therapy significantly increased the immunostimulatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, and IL‐12) and decreased the immunosuppressive cytokines (IL‐10 and TGF‐β) compared with the monotherapy (Fig 5K and Appendix Fig S24).