The defining neuropathological features of AD comprise deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), consisting of densely packed amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) via sequential proteolytic cleavage by β- and γ-secretases, and the hyper-phosphorylated microtubule-binding protein tau (tubulin associated unit), respectively [257]. Here, APP is linked to Alzheimer disease.