From animal models of PD-like neurodegeneration we know that due to the continuous release and accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein, microglial cells are in a chronic or prolonged activation state that substantially contributes to the death of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain via overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ROS [108, 470]. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and Parkinson disease.