BRAF and thyroid gland carcinoma: For instance, only two known cancer genes were found to be mutated in over 5% of thymomas (MUC16 and HRAS), testicular germ cell tumours (KRAS and KIT), and thyroid carcinomas (BRAF and NRAS) (Fig. 1c, Supplementary Fig. 2, and Supplementary Data 1).