TLR4 and Cognitive impairment: Western blotting and RT-qPCR data indicated that MyD88, NF-κB, and TLR4 expression levels in the TZ and TJ groups on post-operative day 3 were reduced compared with the Z and J groups (P < 0.05), but behavioral tests showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05), suggesting that the combination of EW and the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 did not enhance the POCD-improving effect of the EW formulation and the basic formulation, and that it may be associated with improvement in cognitive impairment due to multi-targeting with EW.