Among female participants, mean BDNF concentration was significantly higher (p = 0.001) in those with obesity (mean ± SD; 24,235 ± 4,144 pg/mL) than females with normal-BMI (mean ± SD; 15,795 ± 7,721 pg/mL). Here, BDNF is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.