In patients who do not achieve their risk-based LDL-C goals with the maximum tolerated dose of statins and ezetimibe, the guidelines recommend the addition of a PCSK9 inhibitor for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and for those without ASCVD who are considered to be at very high CV risk or have familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and atherosclerosis.