Therefore, insulin was assessed as well as leptin, glucose, BMI z‐scores and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) levels in children with PWS with respect to nutritional phases relative to two control groups of similar age: healthy‐weight sibling controls (SC) and non‐PWS participants with early‐onset major (clinically severe) obesity (EMO) of unknown etiology. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.