IA sildenafil treatment led to a 2.5-fold increase in VEGFA levels in CDH fetuses after ET, a crucial factor in the development of the alveolar capillary bed (Thebaud et al., 2005), and a 1.7-fold increase in CDH fetuses after LT (Figures 4C, D). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is congenital diaphragmatic hernia.