SERPINA1 and alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: Regarding alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, a hereditary disease caused by SERPINA1 (serine protease inhibitor A1) mutation that can potentially evolve to liver and lung failure, CRISPR-Cas9 approach was used for in vivo correction of severe forms linked mutation (i.e., Pi*ZZ) in transgenic mouse models (27).