Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is an extracellular matrix adhesion molecule that plays important roles in bone mineralization, immune response, tumor metastasis, inflammation, and angiogenesis (57), and it has also been identified to be a regulator of the PI3K/AKT pathway and could influence chondrocyte status in OA (58). This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and neoplasm.