The active ingredients of THSWD including quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, baicalein, and beta-sitosterol, and PTGS2, EGFR, AKT1, ESR1, CASP3, MMP9, IL6, VEGFA, TNF, TP53, and HSP90AA1 were predicted as major targets for the treatment of varicocele-associated male infertility. Here, ESR1 is linked to varicocele.