CPSF4 and neoplasm: Based on the TCGA database, we use the TIMER2 approach to examine the levels of CPSF4 expression in tumor tissue and nearby normal tissue in various malignancies, the results are shown in Fig. 2A. Compared to normal tissues, the expression of CPSF4 was noticeably higher in cancerous tissues (Fig. 2B); thus, we employed TCGA-LIHC RNA-sequencing data for differential expression analysis (n = 50 nearby normal tissues, n = 315 in cancer tissues).