Thirteen genes associated with risk alleles of achalasia exhibited differential expression in C1QC+ macrophages, including CUTA and HLA-DQB1 (Supplementary Fig. 7b), compared with 18 risk genes that overlapped with DEGs in TRM, including HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 (Supplementary Fig. 7c). Here, HLA-DRB1 is linked to Achalasia.