CD4 and Achalasia: We found that the key immune clusters, including C1QC+ macrophages, ZNF683+ CD8+ TRM, and XCL1+ CD4+ TRM, were higher in type I compared with type II patients (n = 3 for type I vs 6 for type II, Fig. 7a and Supplementary Data 11), indicating the higher inflammatory state of these clusters in type I. DEG analysis showed more upregulated genes in type I than in type II achalasia (Supplementary Fig. 10a,, b).