UBE3A and viral load: Recent reports also indicated that UBE3A plays an integral part in regulating viral diseases, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) (Kwak et al., 2016; Lee et al., 2022; Li et al., 2016; Munakata et al., 2007) and human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) (Ali et al., 2020; Pyeon et al., 2019), by destabilizing proteins encoded by viruses.