Results in the famine cohorts for increased dementia (0.41% vs 0.17%, OR 2.41, 1.15–5.04), COPD (3.5% vs. 2.7%, OR 1.29, CI 1.05–1.59), for less dispensals of oral antidiabetics (25% vs. 27%, OR 0.91, CI 0.84–0.99), fibrates (1.9% vs. 2.5%, OR 0.73, CI 0.57–0.94), and prasugrel (0.25% vs. 0.59%, OR 0.43, CI 0.23–0.78) but more frequent dispensals of DPP4-inhibitors (3.8% vs. 3.1%, OR 1.26, CI 1.03–1.54), ARB (17% vs. 16%, OR 1.13, CI 1.02–1.24), and aldosterone antagonists (6.1% vs. 5.2%, OR 1.20, CI 1.03–1.40) did not remain significant after adjusting for multiple testing. This evidence concerns the gene DPP4 and dementia.