Since DNAH5 and DNALI1 have been used to detect the ODA heavy chain protein and the IDA light intermediate chain protein of sperm in previous studies20, 30 and the disruptions in DNAH5 are associated with male infertility,20, 31 we chose DNAH5 and DNALI1 as detective objective of ODA heavy chain protein and the IDA light intermediate chain protein of sperm. Here, DNALI1 is linked to male infertility.