However, due to the limitations of sample size, it is necessary to test DNAAF3 variants in a larger cohort of patients to reveal the effects of DNAAF3 on the motility of spermatozoa in PCD patients and to further confirm the role of the DNAAF3 mutation in severe asthenozoospermia in the future study. The gene discussed is DNAAF3; the disease is Reduced sperm motility.